细胞大小究竟如何调控细胞增殖
Martin Raff (UCL) Part 1: Regulation of Cell Size
The size of an organ or organism depends mainly on the sizes and numbers of the cells it contains. In the first segment of my talk, I describe our work on cell size control in cultures of purified rat Schwann cells. Most proliferating cells grow before they divide, but it is not known how growth and division are co-ordinated to ensure that cells divide at an appropriate size. We have found that extracellular signals can control cell growth and cell-cycle progression separately and that the size of Schwann cells at division depends on the signalled rates of both cell growth and cell-cycle progression, rather than on a cell-size checkpoint that monitors cell size.
细胞数目究竟如何调控细胞增殖
Martin Raff (UCL) Part 2: Cell Number Control
In the second segment of my talk, I describe our work on cell number control in the rat oligodendrocyte cell lineage. Cell numbers depend on controls on both cell death and cell proliferation. We have found that oligodendrocytes are normally overproduced and kill themselves in large numbers in a competition for survival signals on the surface of the axons that the oligodendrocytes myelinate. Most differentiated cells, including oligodendrocytes, develop from dividing precursor cells that divide a limited number of times before they terminally differentiate, but it is not known what stops cell division and initiates differentiation. We have found that oligodendrocyte precursor cells have an intrinsic timing mechanism that helps determine when they stop dividing and differentiate. See more at http://www.ibioseminars.org
蛋白激酶的调控与定位- Susan Taylor
In this lecture, I have given an overview of protein kinase structure and function using cyclic AMP dependent kinase (PKA) as a prototype for this enzyme superfamily. I have demonstrated what we have learned from the overall structural kinome which allows us to compare many protein kinases and also to appreciate how the highly regulated eukaryotic protein kinase has evolved. By comparing many protein kinase structures, we are beginning to elucidate general rules of architecture. In addition, I have attempted to illustrate how PKA is regulated by cAMP and how it is localized to specific macromolecular complexes through scaffold proteins.
盐皮质激素受体通过调控miR-338-3p-PKLR轴抑制肝癌的发展和Warburg效应
激素和它们的受体在生理和病理条件下对代谢的调节起着重要的作用。我们在4株肝癌细胞用siRNA的方法筛选20种激素受体对肝癌细胞的瓦伯格效应（Warburg effect）尤其是乳酸产生的影响。我们发现很多受体的siRNA都影响乳酸的产生。其中盐皮质激素受体(mineralocorticoid receptor, MR) 的siRNA在4株肝癌细胞都表现出增加乳酸的产生。体外和体内实验表明MR影响细胞增殖、细胞周期和凋亡。进一步的机制研究揭示，作为一个转录因子，MR直接调节miR-338-3p的表达，而miR-338-3p又通过靶基因PKLR(pyruvate kinase, liver and red blood，糖酵解途径的关键酶)来抑制肝癌细胞的瓦伯格效应。另外，与癌旁组织相比，有81%的肝癌病人的肝癌组织中MR的表达都发生下调。这种下调是由MR的染色体缺失和去乙酰化引起的。在肿瘤组织中，MR的低表达和病人的预后差相关；miR-338-3p的表达和MR的表达水平呈正相关，和PKLR的表达呈负相关。结论：我们的研究首次揭示了MR通过miR-338-3p/PKLR这个途径抑制肝癌的瓦伯格效应。
李琦：用于产溶剂梭菌基因编辑与调控的CRISPR系统
介绍了产溶剂梭菌的研究背景及应用，提到了现有的基因编辑方法及对比。产溶剂梭菌已建立基因编辑方法比较。用于产溶剂梭菌基因编辑与调控的CRISPR系统。
王平：肿瘤微环境与泛素化调控
介绍了肿瘤相关研究背景，提到了肿瘤-微环境疾病，说明肿瘤微环境是肿瘤发生的重要保障，提到了泛素修饰和药物发现等，介绍了一些相关信号通路。
李晓涛：蛋白酶体激活因子REGγ在实验性肠炎中调控NF-KappaB的作用与机制
介绍了去乙酰化酶在细胞代谢中相关调控活性。提到了SENP1、SUMOylation and De- SUMOylation等