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使Nanodrop ND-1000的分光光度仪测定DNA

Spectrophotometric evaluation of DNA using a Nanodrop ND-1000. Spectrophotometric evaluation of genomic DNA quality and quantity using a microvolumetric Nanodrop ND-1000 optical fibre UV-Vis spectrophotometer.

2015-12-08 课时:7分钟

使ficoll-1077分离外周血单核细胞

Isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells using ficoll-1077. Isolation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC's) from whole blood using ficoll-1077 density gradient.

2015-12-08 课时:10分钟

制备组织学样品于光学显微镜技术

组织学是指对细胞和组织的研究,它通常需要借助于光学显微镜。根据样品本身属性如大小,硬度以及处理后使的染色技术和下游应的不同,制备组织学样品的过程也会有很大不同。如本视频中介绍的,样品的制备通常是从固定步骤开始,以防止濒临死亡细胞所释放出的酶对样品的降解。固定后,样品会被置于包埋试剂来使样品完全被支撑起来。最常的是石蜡,但是其他的一些试剂,例如含甘油的冷冻试剂和琼脂也可以在切片的时候于包埋样品。然后在切片机或其他切片仪器中将样品切割成厚度为几微米到几毫米的薄片。切片之后,薄片会被固定在载玻片上,根据需要进行染色以获得特定的标记,而后在显微镜下成像。

2015-12-11 课时:10分钟

端粒和端粒酶的作 - Elizabeth Blackburn P1

本视频由科普中国和生物医学大讲堂出品

Elizabeth Blackburn (UCSF) Part 1: The Roles of Telomeres and Telomerase

Lecture Overview
Telomerase, a specialized ribonucleprotein reverse transcriptase, is important for long-term eukaryotic cell proliferation and genomic stability, because it replenishes the DNA at telomeres. Thus depending on cell type telomerase partially or completely (depending on cell type) counteracts the progressive shortening of telomeres that otherwise occurs. Telomerase is highly active in many human malignancies, and a potential target for anti-cancer approaches. Furthermore, recent collaborative studies have shown the relationship between accelerated telomere shortening and life stress and that low telomerase levels are associated with six prominent risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

2015-12-14 课时:49分钟

端粒和端粒酶在人类干细胞和癌症中的作 - Elizabeth Blackburn P2

本视频由科普中国和生物医学大讲堂出品

Elizabeth Blackburn (UCSF) Part 2: Telomeres and Telomerase in Human Stem Cells and in Cancer

Telomerase, a specialized ribonucleprotein reverse transcriptase, is important for long-term eukaryotic cell proliferation and genomic stability, because it replenishes the DNA at telomeres. Thus depending on cell type telomerase partially or completely (depending on cell type) counteracts the progressive shortening of telomeres that otherwise occurs. Telomerase is highly active in many human malignancies, and a potential target for anti-cancer approaches. Furthermore, recent collaborative studies have shown the relationship between accelerated telomere shortening and life stress and that low telomerase levels are associated with six prominent risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

2015-12-14 课时:27分钟

病毒包膜的内吞和渗透作 - Ari Helenius P2

本视频由科普中国和生物医学大讲堂出品

Ari Helenius (ETH Zurich) Part 2: Endocytosis and Penetration

In the second lecture, the next steps in viral infection are described. Endocytosis of plasma membrane bound viruses can occur via a number of mechanisms including caveolar, clathrin, non-clathrin, or lipid raft mediated pathways. The internalized virus is enclosed in an endosome that may undergo increasing acidification resulting in acid mediated fusion between the viral envelope and the vesicle membrane. Following membrane penetration, the virus, once again, makes use of cellular machinery such as microtubules and their motors, to transfer its genome to the nucleus. Helenius describes experiments from his lab and others that have deciphered these complex processes.

2015-12-15 课时:31分钟

使细胞计数板计数细胞

许多生物医学实验为了得到精确,可重复性,且有统计意义的数据,需要操作已知数目的细胞。因此,了解如何计数细胞是任何一个成功生物医学科学家要掌握的尤为关键的技术。计数细胞最常的方法是使细胞计数板-它是一种有两个激光蚀刻网格的工具,来帮助在简单的光学显微镜下计数取样细胞。得到的数据可以来推算出实验样品中细胞的数目。

本短片将演示:如何调整实验样品浓度避免计数过多或过少的细胞;如何使细胞计数板来计数微量(10μl)细胞样品;如何判断选择使细胞计数板网格中的哪个方格进行计数;如何根据所选计数的方格来计算实验样品中细胞的总数目;以及如何台盼蓝拒染法测定实验细胞的存活率。此外,短片还讨论了几种实验条件下必须了解准确细胞数目,包括一个使自动细胞计数仪的例子。

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2015-12-17 课时:11分钟

SDS-PAGE技术分离蛋白

十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,也称SDS-PAGE,是一种被广泛使,仅根据分子量大小来分离蛋白质混合物的技术。阴离子去污剂SDS,在变性的线性蛋白表面沿长度均匀分布使其带电。将它们上样到聚丙烯酰胺凝胶后,施加电压,这些表面覆盖SDS的蛋白将被分开。电场作为驱动力,牵引SDS结合的蛋白朝阳极移动,分子量大的蛋白将比小的蛋白移动慢。为了判断蛋白的大小,已知分子量大小的蛋白质标准也会和样品一起上样并在同等条件下跑胶。

本短片介绍SDS-PAGE技术,首先将解释其背后的原理,然后演示每一步的操作过程。视频还将讨论实验中的各种参数,如聚丙烯酰胺浓度,和于跑胶的电压。还会介绍电泳之后的考马斯亮蓝和银染色方法,以及其他电泳技术,如双向凝胶电泳。

2015-12-22 课时:8分钟

对小鼠施实验药剂

许多到小鼠的研究需要对动物施实验药剂。例如,也许会需要测试某特定治疗药物的有效性,或要诱导得到一个病理症状,或要进行麻醉或止疼。为了保证安全有效的施药,在施药剂之前考虑各种不同因素是非常重要的。

本视频讲述对小鼠施药剂,先会重点讲到所药剂需要注意的一些性质,如粘度、剂量和口感。接下来的讨论会集中在注射方法上,包括描述注射器和针头组件,如何理解针头的规格,以及针对一些常见注射位置来安全固定小鼠的方法。还将给出皮下注射(IP)和尾部静脉注射(IV)的具体操作。此外,还会讨论这些技术的应以及一些其他的给药途径。

2015-12-31 课时:8分钟

跆拳道的心身之道,如何应在科学研究

Anita Sil (UCSF/HHMI): The Way of the Hand, Foot, Heart, and Mind

During graduate school, Anita Sil started taekwondo(跆拳道) as a new way to get a good workout. Years later she was still at it, ultimately earning the highest honor- a black belt. Sil believes that many of the lessons of taekwondo, such as staying focused on long-term goals, also apply to science.

2016-01-08 课时:11分钟