解剖学家：leonardo
Nature Video邀请Windsor Castle来看leonardo的解剖图，这些手绘图表明了leonardo在该领域做了大量的工作。他开展实验并得到几个世纪以来未公开的惊人的医学发现，这一发现这已经摇身一变成为欧洲解剖学课题。本视频中向我们展示了其中三个最有趣的解剖学研究。
Moleculo长测序-陈巍学基因（14）
本课程主要介绍Moleculo测序方法
1.Moleculo测序方法的由来
2.Moleculo测序方法的优点
3.Moleculo测序方法的具体介绍
Erich Gnaiger：Life Style and Mitochondrial Competence – Modern Drugs for T2 Diabetes in Aging and Degenerative Diseases.
D. Swarovski Research Laboratory (Mitochondrial Physiology), Dept. General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University; and OROBOROS INSTRUMENTS, Innsbruck, Austria. - Email: erich.gnaiger@oroboros.at
The contribution of mitochondrial dysfunction to the etiology of T2 diabetes and a range of preventable metabolic diseases is the subject of intensive current research with world-wide health implications.
Recently these investigations gained depth and scope by technological advances for diagnosis of mitochondrial function by comprehensive OXPHOS analysis using high-resolution respirometry [1,2]. Fundamental questions of a causal relationship, however, between compromised mitochondrial function and development of T2 diabetes remain to be resolved [3,4] to optimize prevention and treatment of insulin resistance.
For preventable diseases such as T2 diabetes, the evolutionary background of mitochondrial competence provides a solid basis for improved and broad application of a well established modern drug, mtLSD.
Post-industrial societies are characterized by a high-energy input lifestyle with diminished physical activity and high incidence of non-transmittable diseases, in comparison to human populations where physical work is essentially important for sustaining life and in which degenerative diseases (T2 diabetes, various cancers, Alzheimer's) are essentially absent [5]. The capacity of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is increased or maintained high by a life style involving endurance exercise and strength training [6].
Life style changes from the age of 20-30 years to the elderly, but is subject to change and intervention. Depending on group selection in cross-sectional studies, OXPHOS capacity declines from the age of 20-30 years [7,8], or is independent of age up to 80 years [9,10].
Independent of age, there is a strong decline of OXPHOS capacity in human vastus lateralis from BMI of 20 to 30 [1]. At a BMI >30, a threshold OXPHOS capacity is reached in human v. lateralis that may be characteristic of a low-grade inflammatory state (‘mitochondrial fever’).
Onset of degenerative diseases (T2 diabetes, neuromuscular degeneration, various cancers) and mitochondrial dysfunction interact in an amplification loop progressing slowly with age, such that cause and effect of mitochondrial dysfunction cannot be distinguished. Diminished antioxidant capacity at low mitochondrial density is an important mechanistic candidate in the state of mitochondrial fever.
For implementing a life style supporting mitochondrial competence and preventing degenerative diseases in modern societies, we need (1) extended research programmes focused on the causative link between mitochondrial competence and effective prevention of degenerative diseases, (2) educational programmes on mitochondrial physiology targeted at general practitioners, teachers and the society at large, (3) cooperation of health care and insurance organizations to support preventive life style activities, and (4) do not miss any opportunity in taking the lead in living the mtLife Style Drug (mtLSD).
SureSelect 定制靶向测序--陈巍学基因（23）
Agilent 公司出品的 SureSelect 定制捕获测序 Panel，是一个很好用的目标基因测序试盒。是在肿瘤靶向用药的伴随诊断上的一个先进技术手段。
许多专业的测序公司提供基于 SureSelect Panel 的定制测序服务。
本视频介绍了客户自行定制 SureSelect Panel 的方法。
Agilent生物芯片原理--陈巍学基因（29）
欢迎来到【陈巍学基因】，我们这个节目，主要是为大家介绍基因组学，和最新的临床分子诊断的技术进展。
今天，会和大家谈一下Agilent公司（安捷伦公司）的生物芯片，视频主要分为以下几个部分：
1.Agilent生物芯片的扫描仪、合成工艺、大体规格和分析软件等。
2.Agilent芯片的应用主要在“比较基因组杂交”领域；
CGH芯片主要是检测：杂合性缺失（LOH）、单亲二染色体（UPD）、和拷贝数变异（CNV）；
CGH芯片区分SNP位点的方法，是通过“酶切+杂交”。
3.Agilent表达谱芯片的IVT检测原理和三个特点。
细菌交流通过群感效应 - Bonnie Bassler P1
本视频由科普中国和生物医学大讲堂出品
Bonnie Bassler (Princeton) Part 1: Bacterial Communication via Quorum Sensing
Bacteria, primitive single-celled organisms, communicate with chemical languages that allow them to synchronize their behavior and thereby act as enormous multi-cellular organisms. This process is called quorum sensing and it enables bacteria to successfully infect and cause disease in plants, animals, and humans. Investigations of the molecular mechanisms underlying quorum sensing are leading to the development of novel strategies to interfere with quorum sensing. These strategies form the basis of new therapies to be used as antibiotics. See more at http://www.ibioseminars.org
霍乱弧菌群体感应和新型抗生素 - Bonnie Bassler P2
本视频由科普中国和生物医学大讲堂出品
Bonnie Bassler (Princeton) Part 2: Vibrio Cholerae Quorum Sensing and Novel Antibiotics
Bacteria, primitive single-celled organisms, communicate with chemical languages that allow them to synchronize their behavior and thereby act as enormous multi-cellular organisms. This process is called quorum sensing and it enables bacteria to successfully infect and cause disease in plants, animals, and humans. Investigations of the molecular mechanisms underlying quorum sensing are leading to the development of novel strategies to interfere with quorum sensing. These strategies form the basis of new therapies to be used as antibiotics. See more at http://www.ibioseminars.org
细胞粘附、信号和癌症 - Mary Beckerle P1
本视频由科普中国和生物医学大讲堂出品
Mary Beckerle (University of Utah) Part 1: Adhesion, Signaling and Cancer
Cell-substratum adhesion is mediated by integrins, a family of transmembrane, heterodimeric, extracellular matrix receptors that are concentrated at focal adhesions. Integin engagement influences a variety of signaling pathways and regulates cell behaviors including motility, proliferation, and survival. Disturbance of normal integrin function is associated with a variety of pathologic conditions including cancer. In the first segment of my seminar, I provide a broad overview of the cancer problem for a lay audience. Advances in our understanding of cancer as a genetic disease are discussed. The influence of cell adhesion on control of cell growth is reviewed. See more at http://www.ibiology.org
粘着蛋白的发现和表征 - Mary Beckerle P2
本视频由科普中国和生物医学大讲堂出品
Mary Beckerle (University of Utah) Part 2: Discovery and Characterization
In the second segment, I describe the identification of the focal adhesion protein, zyxin, by my lab. Recent work revealed that zyxin is down-regulated upon expression of the Ewing sarcoma oncoprotein, EWS-FLI. Loss of zyxin expression results in enhanced cell motility and is also associated with failed apoptotic signaling. Evidence that zyxin shuttles between focal adhesions and the nucleus is presented. The impact of reduced zyxin expression on tumor progression is discussed. See more at http://www.ibiology.org
焦点粘连作为压力传感器 - Mary Beckerle P3
本视频由科普中国和生物医学大讲堂出品
Mary Beckerle (University of Utah) Part 3: Focal Adhesions as Stress Sensors
In the third segment of my seminar, I address a new frontier in cell biology, that is how cells respond to mechanical information. Cells and tissues are exposed to physical forces in vivo and excessive mechanical stress leads to a variety of pathological consequences. I describe a system for exposing cells to controlled mechanical stress and discuss the stretch response. We have discovered that the focal adhesion protein, zyxin, is exquisitely sensitive to mechanical stimulation and is required for the ability of cells to reinforce the actin cytoskeleton when challenged by exposure to cyclic stretch. See more at http://www.ibiology.org