免疫系统:身体的第一道防线!
人类历史上第三个最重要的发现:转化因子。在此有一个简单而清晰的解释。转化因子是自然赋予我们的,当地球上存在生命的时候,他们就被我们所应用。它是免疫系统的大脑。
转化因子是免疫系统的记忆分子,储存免疫系统的全部经历。监督身体检查细菌的入侵,在保卫我们的健康预防疾病过程中扮演者重要的作用。
邹北骥:移动健康管理系统的设计与实现
随着社会的飞速发展,人们生活水平的不断提高,人口老龄化,慢性疾病给医学上更高的挑战。随着生活节奏的加快和社会压力的增大,在发达国家和城市中,除了确诊的病人外,常人眼中的健康者有一半左右处于“亚健康”状态。这些都给现行的医疗模式提出了新的挑战。“预防为主”已经是现行医疗的主导方向。移动健康管理系统依据这一指导方向,将用户的日常体检、健康管理等功能集成起来,将科学健康生活方式传授给健康需求者,变被动的健康维护为主动的健康管理,使得疾病早诊断、早发现、早救治,从而使病人以及健康人更好地恢复健康、拥有健康、促进健康,并节约经济开支,有效降低医疗支出。
汪道文:二代测序在心血管系统的应用
随着遗传检测技术的不断发展,人们越来越意识到疾病的遗传复杂性远超预估,高通量方法系统检测势在必行。新出现的二代测序技术不断完善,成本逐渐下降,使得芯片技术将逐渐被高通量测序技术取代。二代测序的出现动摇了传统基因诊断的思路,使疾病的预测、诊断、治疗、预后都变得不再盲目和模糊。个体化医疗/ 精确医疗的贯彻将推进个人基因组学检测。
朱剑虹:细胞治疗和细胞器置换技术用于神经系统疾病和损伤的预防和治疗
The current cell therapy aims at restoring neural regeneration and replacement of lost neural cells within the appropriate time window in traumatic brain injury patients. Furthermore, neurorepair attempts to restore retinal neuron axonal function in the optic nerve injury in those patients with significant visional impairment.
Mitochondria – bacteria sized cellular organelles residing in most of our cells-- convert fuel from food into the body's most biologically useful form of energy or ATP. Only in the past few years, with advances in cellular and molecular biology, have we appreciated the complexity of genetic mechanisms and cl inical presentations in mitochondrial disorders. For example, large numbers of mitochondria DNA (mtDNA) deletions in brain and muscle, become fatal or in young adulthood with epilepsy, while a maternally inherited point mutation in patients with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy, a cause of blindness in young adults. Mutated mtDNAs may also have roles in the progressive symptoms of late-onset neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases.
Currently, these diseases are refractory or incurable; however, nuclear genome transfer between patients' and healthy eggs to replace mutant mtDNAs holds promises. Considering that a polar body contains few mitochondria and shares the same genomic material as an oocyte, we perform polar body transfer to prevent the transmission of mtDNA variants.
We compare the effects of different types of germline genome transfer, including spindle-chromosome transfer, pronuclear transfer, and polar body transfer, in mice. Genetic analysis confirms that the F1 generation from polar body transfer possesses m i n i m a l d o n o r m t D N A c a r r y o v e r . M o r e o v e r , t h e m t D N A g e n o t y p e r e m a i n s stable in F2 progeny after polar body transfer. Our investigation demonstrates that promising pre-clinical studies of cell therapy have been translating partially into positive outcomes in clinical trials, and mitochondrial replacement has great potential to prevent inherited mitochondrial diseases.
刘光慧:基于干细胞和基因组靶向编辑技术的人类疾病模型及个性化药物筛评系统
刘光慧,国家青年***入选者,中科院生物物理所研究员,生物物理所衰老研究中心秘书长、学术委员会副主任。
结合人多能干细胞和基因组靶向编辑技术,我们研究团队相继发展了人类儿童早衰症、成年早衰症、帕金森氏症、范可尼贫血症及神经胶质母细胞瘤等人类疾病的细胞模型。这些模型为揭示人类衰老相关疾病的新型机理、鉴定疾病靶标及个性化药物筛选和评价奠定了重要基础。
用免疫系统解释我们的细菌感染
你生命中的每一秒都受到攻击。细菌、病毒、孢子和任何活的东西都想要进入你的身体,取得资源为它们繁殖。免疫系统是一群像军队一样强大的细胞,如霸王龙般迅猛,去牺牲自己为你的生存。没有它们,你无法活到下一秒。这听起来简单,但现实是复杂的,美丽的,令人敬畏的。这是讲述免疫系统的动画。
来自生殖系统的信号显示衰老的规律 - Cynthia Kenyon P2
本视频由科普中国和生物医学大讲堂出品
Cynthia Kenyon (UCSF) Part 2: The Regulation of Aging by Signals from the Reproductive System
Once it was thought that aging was just a random and haphazard process. Instead, the rate of aging turns out to be subject to regulation by transcription factors that respond to hormones and other signals. In the nematode C. elegans, in which many key discoveries about aging were first made, the aging process is subject to regulation by food intake, sensory perception, and signals from the reproductive system. Changing genes and cells that affect aging can lengthen lifespan by six fold, and can also delay age-related disease, such as the growth of tumors.
王欣:体外肠道模拟系统-第3段
什么是体外肠道模拟系统,以及该模型的可靠性评估,在检测食品和药品肠道吸收方面的作用。主要介绍了单级连续发酵模型,在鸡和人的盲肠菌群试验中的具体应用。
AB SCIEX TripleTOF 系列液质联用系统简介及其在生物制药领域中研究中的应用
AB SCIEX TripleTOF 系列液质联用系统简介及其在生物制药领域中研究中的应用