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苗俊英:血管内皮细胞自噬与动脉硬化

苗俊英,山东大学生命科学学院教授,从事血管内皮细胞凋亡研究工作。

哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶点(mTOR)在细胞自噬中发挥重要的调节作用,并与心血管疾病等重大疾病的发生和发展有密切关系,因此,调控mTOR的信号平衡具有重要的意义。目前已发现多种mTOR抑制剂,但是,mTOR的化学激活剂很少,而且mTOR调控自噬的下游信号通路也亟待搞清。

我们鉴定了一种化学小分子(3BDO)能够抑制血管内皮细胞自噬。发现3BDO通过作用于FKBP1A(FK506-结合蛋白1A, 12 kDa)激活mTOR。并了解到3BDO通过激活mTOR促进TIA1(TIA1,细胞毒性相关的颗粒状RNA结合蛋白/T细胞内抗原1)磷酸化。然后,我们利用基因芯片等技术,发现3BDO能够显著降低来自TGF-beta2基因3’-UTR的长非编码RNA—FLJ11812,TIA1负责加工FL J11812。

我们进一步证明FL J11812通过与靶向ATG13的miRNA-4459结合调控ATG13的蛋白水平,因此调控自噬。总之,我们发现了一种新的mTOR激活剂,并发现长非编码RNA—FLJ11812在细胞自噬中的作用和作用机制。

氧化的低密度脂蛋白(oxLDL)通过抑制mTOR引发血管内皮细胞自噬和凋亡,继而促进动脉硬化。因此,我们推断3BDO通过抑制oxLDL对mTOR的影响保护血管内皮细胞功能,因而抑制动脉粥样硬化。

我们利用ApoE-/-小鼠动脉硬化模型证明了我们推断。另外,在巨噬细胞(RAW246.7)和血管平滑肌细胞中,3BDO不影响oxLDL引起的mTOR活性变化和自噬的发生。在体外培养的人血管内皮细胞和ApoE-/-小鼠动脉内皮中,3BDO不仅抑制oxLDL诱导的自噬,还能抑制其诱导的凋亡,从而控制动脉粥样硬化发展。

2015-09-17 课时:45分钟

患者教育视频:经导管主动脉瓣置入术(TAVI)

This video, created by Nucleus Medical Media, shows Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI). Stenosis, or narrowing, of the aortic valve due calcification of the valve leaflets is also depicted. The animation finishes by showing a minimally invasive procedure called a transfemoral aortic valve implantation. This procedure is done to replace a calcified and stenotic aortic valve in patients not able to have open surgery.

2015-12-09 课时:4分钟

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This video, created by Nucleus Medical Media, shows a coronary artery angioplasty surgery, also called a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), to correct a blocked artery in the heart. It begins by showing the buildup of plaque in an artery wall of the heart, blocking the flow of blood. Afterwards, the patient lies on a testing table while contrast dye is injected into the arteries of the heart, showing the location of the blockage. A guide wire is then moved through the lumen of the blood vessel, followed by a balloon and stent mechanism. The balloon inflates, putting the metal stent in place, so that the lumen of the artery is open and the red blood cells can flow freely.

2015-12-09 课时:4分钟