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AAS:邹应斌等揭示三定栽培使超级杂交稻产量增加

  1. Acta Agro Sin

来源:新华社 2012-01-05 13:34

近日,由湖南农业大学邹应斌教授和蒋鹏博士等的最新研究成果Effects of “Sanding” Cultivation Method on Nutrient Uptake and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Double Cropping Super Rice。

近日,由湖南农业大学邹应斌教授和蒋鹏博士等的最新研究成果Effects of “Sanding” Cultivation Method on Nutrient Uptake and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Double Cropping Super Rice。”刊登于《作物学报》Acta Agronomica Sinica 2011年第12期上,文章中,作者揭示了“三定”栽培对双季超级稻养分吸收积累及氮肥利用率的影响。

湖南农业大学邹应斌等提出的一种新的水稻栽培管理技术——因地定产、依产定苗、测苗定氮“三定栽培”技术,经多点试验证明,这项新技术能使传统栽培的早稻和晚稻分别增产11.68%、7.41%。
  
湖南农业大学等单位连续10年在湖南桂东、常德等9个不同生态地点进行多点联合试验研究,在醴陵、湘阴等26个县进行高产栽培示范,提出了超级杂交稻因地定产、依产定苗、测苗定氮栽培技术及其形态生理指标。
 
为探讨“三定栽培”技术在双季超级稻生产中的应用效果和理论意义,邹应斌等于2008年至2010年在长沙和浏阳进行了双季超级稻不同栽培方式比较田间定位试验研究。
 
结果证明,超级稻能够实现高产与氮肥高效利用相协调,“三定栽培”比传统栽培早稻和晚稻分别增产11.68%和7.41%。氮肥吸收利用率和农学利用率分别提高88.92%和46.67%。结果还证明了超级稻后期营养生理优势能够转化为产量优势,“三定栽培”抽穗后植株养分吸收能力强,有利于改善植株后期营养,提高结实率和粒重,增加籽粒产量。
 
据悉,超级杂交稻“三定栽培”技术通过了以袁隆平院士为专家组组长的技术成果鉴定,并被列为农业部水稻生产主推技术,在我国南方具有广阔的应用前景。
 
这项研究受到国家水稻产业技术体系项目和农业部超级稻配套栽培技术研究项目的资助。(生物谷Bioon.com)

Effects of “Sanding” Cultivation Method on Nutrient Uptake and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Double Cropping Super Rice

JIANG Peng, HUANG Min, Md. Ibrahim, ZENG Yan, XIA Bing, SHI Wan-Ju, XIE Xiao-Bing,ZOU Ying-Bin**

To determine the uptake and utilization pattern of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) in double cropping super rice, we conducted a field experiment in Changsha and Liuyang city, Hunan province, China during 2008–2010. N, P, and K uptake and utilization of super early rice Luliangyou 996 and Lingliangyou 268 and super late rice Tianyouhuazhan and Fengyuanyou 299 were compared among “Sanding” cultivation method (quantify the target yield, quantify the population indexes and quantify the cultivation techniques), no-tillage and seedling broadcasting, and traditional cultivation method. Compared with traditional cultivation method, N, P and K accumulations by “Sanding” cultivation method were less at mid-tillering, almost the same at panicle initiation, and more at full heading (average amount of N, P and K uptake was 10.71, 2.23, and 11.82 g m-2 in early rice, and 12.25, 2.69, and 16.37 g m-2 in late rice, respectively) and maturity (average amount of N, P and K uptake was 13.61, 3.01, and 13.71 g m-2 in early rice, and 17.16, 3.31, and 18.31 g m-2 in late rice, respectively). Average nitrogen use efficiency with “Sanding” cultivation method [53.40 kg kg-1, 55.98%, and 22.27 kg kg-1 of partial factor productivity, nitrogen recovery efficiency (REN) and nitrogen agronomic efficiency (AEN), respectively] was higher than that with traditional cultivation method by 29.00%, 88.20%, and 46.67%, respectively. N, P and K accumulation by “Sanding” cultivation method was similar to that by no-tillage and seedling broadcasting. However, average partial factor productivity, REN and AEN with “Sanding” cultivation method were 6.29%, 6.12%, and 15.19% higher than those with no-tillage and seedling broadcasting, respectively. Thus, nitrogen use efficiency could be improved by adoption of “Sanding” cultivation method in double rice production in South China.

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