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激活多巴胺神经元可使人们不再暴饮暴食

  1. 多巴胺
  2. 暴饮暴食
  3. 激活
  4. 神经元

来源:生物谷 2016-08-10 11:39

Activating dopamine neurons could turn off binge-like eating behavior

2016年8月9日讯/生物谷BIOON/--近日,一项研究称,暴饮暴食行为影响了大约10%的美国成年人,这种疾病的神经生物学基础机制目前还不清楚。美国农业部农业研究局贝勒医学院儿童营养研究中心和得克萨斯州儿童医院的研究人员通过小鼠实验研究发现,某些神经回路能够抑制小鼠暴饮暴食的饮食行为。他们的的相关研究报告发表在《生物精神病学》杂志上。

“人类相关研究表明大脑中的血清素系统或多巴胺系统的功能障碍可能与暴饮暴食的饮食行为相关,”Yong Xu博士说,他是贝勒医学院儿科副教授,也是该文章的高级作者。“然而,从其它角度上看,没有直接证据证明血清素系统或多巴胺系统是如何影响饮食行为的。”

在这项研究中,Yong Xu和他的同事们发现了一个神经回路,该神经回路里有一组5-羟色胺神经元并可激活多巴胺神经元。他们的研究结果发现,激活这个神经回路可以抑制小鼠暴饮暴食饮食行为。

此外,还有14个潜在的受体可以调解复杂的5-羟色胺在身体中的影响,Yong Xu和他的同事们发现了一个特定的受体,该受体在暴饮暴食的饮食行为中的作用非常重要。他们通过研究发现5-羟色胺2c受体通过多巴胺神经元表达从而抑制人们的暴饮暴食行为。

Yong Xu指出,FDA批准的药物5-羟色胺2c受体兴奋剂目前被用作治疗成年人的超重和肥胖,以及成年人使用它来抑制暴饮暴食行为。(生物谷Bioon.com)

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Activating dopamine neurons could turn off binge-like eating behavior 

While binge eating affects about 10 percent of adults in the United States, the neurobiological basis of the disease is unclear. Researchers at the USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center at Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital found that certain neural circuits have the ability to inhibit binge-like eating behavior in mice. Their report appears today in the journal Biological Psychiatry.   

 "Human literature suggests that dysfunction of the serotonin system or dopamine system in the brain may be associated with developing binge-like eating behavior," said Dr. Yong Xu, associate professor of pediatrics at Baylor and senior author of the paper. "However, mechanistically, there's no direct evidence to show how this system affects behavior." In this study, Xu and colleagues identified a neural circuit where a group of serotonin neurons project to and activate dopamine neurons.

They showed that activation of this circuit can inhibit binge-like eating behavior in mice. In addition, since there are 14 potential receptors that can mediate complex effects of serotonin in the body, Xu and colleagues identified a specific receptor that is important in binge-like eating behavior. They determined that the serotonin 2C receptor, which is expressed by dopamine neurons, is important in suppressing binge eating. Xu noted that an FDA-approved drug, a serotonin 2C agonist, is currently being used as a treatment for overweight and obese adults and could potentially be repurposed to suppress binge eating in adults.

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