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EHP:低剂量砷可抑制胎儿生长

  1. 低剂量
  2. 胎儿

来源:生物谷 2016-03-09 14:27

达特茅斯学院的一项研究发现,孕妇在喝水和吃饭时摄入低剂量的砷可能会影响胎儿生长。

2016年3月9日讯/生物谷BIOON/近期,达特茅斯学院的一项研究发现,孕妇在喝水和吃饭时摄入低剂量的砷可能会影响胎儿生长。

这项研究发表在《Environmental Health Perspectives》杂志上,该文首次报告 在美国怀孕期间接触一定水平的砷与出生结果有关。

先前的研究表明有关高砷接触的孕妇胎儿出生体重较轻。基于美国人口研究人员在一项研究中调查了子宫内低剂量砷暴露对分娩结果的影响。他们发现在中期妊娠时尿液中含高剂量砷的孕妇的孩子出生时头围减少。这一发现与早期相同的研究人员观察胎儿超声报告头围测量的研究结果是一致的。

在目前的研究中,研究人员还发现,母亲的尿砷含量与婴儿的出生体重和出生长度有关,这些关联因母亲怀孕前体重指数(身高体重公斤/ cm2) 以及婴儿性别的不同而不同。这项研究的对象超过700名孕妇以及她们的新生儿,因此足以确定这种差异。

“未来的研究需要评估在婴儿和儿童生长发育期间这种相对较小的差异是否有意义。”流行病学助理教授Diane Gilbert-Diamond说。

砷是可污染食物和水供应的一种物质,是一种常见的非金属,常用于工业用途。

“这项研究对农村地区不受监管的饮用水需要特别关注,”流行病学教授Margaret Karagas说,“当地公共卫生机构应对那些使用私人水井的地方检测砷和其他污染物”。(生物谷Bioon.com)

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Fetal growth may be impacted by low levels of arsenic that pregnant women consume in drinking water and food, a Dartmouth College study finds.  The study, which appears in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives, is one of the first to report that arsenic exposure during pregnancy at levels common in the United States is related to birth outcomes. A PDF is available on request. Previous studies of populations with higher arsenic exposure suggest that in utero exposure is related to lower birth weight. But researchers at the Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth investigated the impact of low levels of in utero arsenic exposure on birth outcomes in a study based on a general U.S. population. They found that higher levels of mother's arsenic in their urine during the second trimester was related to decreased head circumference at birth. This finding is consistent with an earlier study by the same researchers that looked at head circumference measured in fetal ultrasound reports. In the current study, researchers also found that mother's urinary arsenic levels were associated with infant's birth weight and birth length and that those associations varied by the mother's pre-pregnancy body mass index (body weight in kgs/height in cm2) as well as the infant's sex. The study included more than 700 pairs of women and their newborns and therefore was large enough to identify such differences. "Future research is needed to assess whether the relatively small differences we found correspond to meaningful differences in how infants and children grow and develop," says lead author Diane Gilbert-Diamond, an assistant professor of epidemiology. Arsenic, which can contaminate our food and water supply, is a common metalloid on the earth's crust that is used for industrial purposes. "This is a particular concern in rural regions where many people rely on private, unregulated drinking water," says senior author Margaret Karagas, professor and chair of Geisel's Department of Epidemiology. "People who use private wells need to have them tested for arsenic and other contaminants as recommended by their local public health agency."

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