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CMAJ:地中海饮食或可帮助逆转代谢综合征

  1. 代谢综合征
  2. 地中海饮食
  3. 患者
  4. 症状

来源:生物谷 2014-10-16 12:58

近日,一篇发表在国际杂志Canadian Medical Association Journal(CMAJ)上的研究报告中,来自西班牙的科学家通过研究发现,地中海饮食外加初级橄榄油或坚果的饮食方式或许可以帮助代谢综合征患者逆转其病情发展。

2014年10月16日 讯 /生物谷BIOON/ --近日,一篇发表在国际杂志Canadian Medical Association Journal(CMAJ)上的研究报告中,来自西班牙的科学家通过研究发现,地中海饮食外加初级橄榄油或坚果的饮食方式或许可以帮助代谢综合征患者逆转其病情发展。

世界上大约25%的成年人都患有不同程度的代谢综合征,代谢综合征的出现往往表现为三个甚至更多的因素,比如较粗的腰围、高血压、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高血脂以及高血糖等,这些表现往往容易增加个体患糖尿病、心脏疾病及死亡的风险。

文章中,研究人员对55-80岁具有较高风险的男性和女性个体进行分析研究,参与者被随机指定进行三种饮食中的一种:地中海饮食及初级橄榄油作为补充物、地中海饮食及坚果作为补充物,同时以低脂肪饮食为对照;在第二轮分析中研究人员观察了地中海饮食对5801名代谢综合征的个体的长期效应,其中64%的个体在研究初期都患有代谢综合征。

研究者表示,个体的平均随访时间为4.8年,研究发现两种不同地中海饮食的人群在研究过程中均降低了向心性肥胖的程度及血糖水平,而且958名个体(28.2%)均实现了非代谢综合征的目的。Jordi Salas-Salvado教授表示,地中海饮食方式并不会对代谢综合征新发患者的数量具有明显影响,相比脂肪饮食方式来说,以初级橄榄油或坚果作为补充的地中海饮食方式或许和代谢综合征发生率的降低并无直接关联性,但是两种饮食方式的确可以明显降低代谢综合征患者的机体疾病状况。(生物谷Bioon.com)

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Mediterranean diets and metabolic syndrome status in the PREDIMED randomized trial

Nancy Babio, Estefanía Toledo, Ramón Estruch, Emilio Ros, Miguel A. Martínez-González, Olga Castañer, Mònica Bulló, Dolores Corella, Fernando Arós, Enrique Gómez-Gracia, Valentina Ruiz-Gutiérrez, Miquel Fiol, José Lapetra, Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventos, Lluís Serra-Majem, Xavier Pintó, Josep Basora, José V. Sorlí, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, for the PREDIMED Study Investigators

Background: Little evidence exists on the effect of an energy-unrestricted healthy diet on metabolic syndrome. We evaluated the long-term effect of Mediterranean diets ad libitum on the incidence or reversion of metabolic syndrome. Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of the PREDIMED trial — a multicentre, randomized trial done between October 2003 and December 2010 that involved men and women (age 55–80 yr) at high risk for cardiovascular disease. Participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 dietary interventions: a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil, a Mediterranean diet supplemented with nuts or advice on following a low-fat diet (the control group). The interventions did not include increased physical activity or weight loss as a goal. We analyzed available data from 5801 participants. We determined the effect of diet on incidence and reversion of metabolic syndrome using Cox regression analysis to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Over 4.8 years of follow-up, metabolic syndrome developed in 960 (50.0%) of the 1919 participants who did not have the condition at baseline. The risk of developing metabolic syndrome did not differ between participants assigned to the control diet and those assigned to either of the Mediterranean diets (control v. olive oil HR 1.10, 95% CI 0.94–1.30, p = 0.231; control v. nuts HR 1.08, 95% CI 0.92–1.27, p = 0.3). Reversion occurred in 958 (28.2%) of the 3392 participants who had metabolic syndrome at baseline. Compared with the control group, participants on either Mediterranean diet were more likely to undergo reversion (control v. olive oil HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.15–1.58, p < 0.001; control v. nuts HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.08–1.51, p < 0.001). Participants in the group receiving olive oil supplementation showed significant decreases in both central obesity and high fasting glucose (p = 0.02); participants in the group supplemented with nuts showed a significant decrease in central obesity. Interpretation: A Mediterranean diet supplemented with either extra virgin olive oil or nuts is not associated with the onset of metabolic syndrome, but such diets are more likely to cause reversion of the condition. An energy-unrestricted Mediterranean diet may be useful in reducing the risks of central obesity and hyperglycemia in people at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, no. ISRCTN35739639.

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