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J Infect Dis.:新疫苗针对引起致死性肺炎的金黄色葡萄球菌

  1. 金黄色葡萄球菌

来源:生物谷 2013-12-22 22:53

爱荷华大学科学家开发出新的针对引起致死性肺炎的金黄色葡萄球菌的疫苗。

2013年12月22日讯 /生物谷BIOON/--金黄色酿脓葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)侵染机体能够引起严重的疾病,严重时会引起死亡。近期发表在Journal of Infectious Disease上的文章称,爱荷华大学科学家开发出新的针对引起致死性肺炎的金黄色葡萄球菌的疫苗。

该新疫苗针对葡萄球菌分泌的毒素。Patrick Schlievert博士之前的研究发现该毒素会引起高烧,低血压,休克等现象。

Schlievert博士领导的研究团队利用动物模型研究疫苗的效果。科学家发现该疫苗能够针对葡萄球菌的三种毒素,完全保护动物免受葡萄球菌的侵染。疫苗接种动物及时在接受高剂量细菌侵染的时候都不会患病。

Schlievert博士称,我们的研究表明该疫苗能够针对所有类型的葡萄球菌,如果我们将其应用于临床,每年将保护数百万人免受疾病侵害。(生物谷Bioon.com)

doi:10.1093/infdis/jit679

Vaccination Against Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia

Adam R. Spaulding, Wilmara Salgado-Pabón, Joseph A. Merriman, Christopher S. Stach, Yinduo Ji, Aaron N. Gillman, Marnie L. Peterson, and Patrick M. Schlievert

Background.Staphylococcus aureus causes serious infections in both hospital and community settings_ENREF_1. Attempts have been made to prevent human infection through vaccination against bacterial cell-surface antigens; thus far all have failed. Here we show that superantigens and cytolysins, when used in vaccine cocktails, provide protection from S. aureus USA100-USA400 intra-pulmonary challenge.

Methods.Rabbits were actively vaccinated (wild-type toxins or toxoids) or passively immunized (hyperimmune serum) against combinations of superantigens (toxic shock syndrome toxin-1, enterotoxins B and C, and enterotoxin-like X) and cytolysins (α, β, and γ-toxins) and challenged intra-pulmonary with multiple strains of S. aureus, both methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant.

Results.Active vaccination against a cocktail containing bacterial cell-surface antigens enhanced disease severity as tested by infective endocarditis. Active vaccination against secreted superantigens and cytolysins resulted in protection of 86/88 rabbits when challenged intra-pulmonary with 9 different S. aureus strains, compared to only 1/88 non-vaccinated animals. Passive immunization studies demonstrated production of neutralizing antibodies was an important mechanism of protection.

Conclusions.The data suggest that vaccination against bacterial cell-surface antigens increases disease severity, but vaccination against secreted virulence factors provides protection against S. aureus. These results advance our understanding of S. aureus pathogenesis and have important implications in disease prevention.

 

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