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PLoS Pathog:发现蝙蝠体内新病毒---松湾病毒

  1. Cedar virus
  2. Hendra virus
  3. Nipah virus
  4. SARS
  5. 埃博拉病毒
  6. 松湾病毒
  7. 蝙蝠
  8. 马六甲病毒
  9. 马尔堡病毒

来源:生物谷 2012-11-19 09:27

来自澳大利亚联邦科工组织(Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, CSIRO)的研究人员在蝙蝠体内发现一种新的病毒,从而能够有助于人们认识亨德拉病毒(Hendra virus)和尼帕病毒(Nipah virus)如何导致动物和人类患病和死亡。

来自澳大利亚联邦科工组织(Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, CSIRO)的研究人员在蝙蝠体内发现一种新的病毒,从而能够有助于人们认识亨德拉病毒(Hendra virus)和尼帕病毒(Nipah virus)如何导致动物和人类患病和死亡。根据它被发现的位点,这种新病毒被命名为松湾病毒(Cedar virus),与致命性亨德拉病毒和尼帕病毒的亲缘关系较为密切。

然而,这项初步研究发现一种显著性不同的关键差别:松湾病毒并不导致正常条件下对亨德拉病毒和尼帕病毒敏感的几种动物患病。这种引人关注的差别可能有助于科学家们理解如何更好地管理和控制与松湾病毒亲缘关系比较近的致命性病毒。2012年8月2日,相关研究结果在线发表在PLoS Pathogens期刊上。这项新发现可能也在保护动物和人类免受亨德拉病毒和尼帕病毒感染中也发挥潜在的影响。

不过,人们仍然不能过早排除松湾病毒可能导致马和其他动物患病和死亡的可能性。

科学家们已经鉴定出蝙蝠在传播包括埃博拉病毒、马尔堡病毒、SARS病毒和马六甲病毒(Melaka virus)在内的病毒当中发挥着作用,然而它们也是我们多样性生态系统中一个至关重要的部分:它们作为传粉者、种子传播者和昆虫调节者发挥作用。(生物谷:Bioon.com)

本文编译自New bat virus could hold key to Hendra virus

Cedar Virus: A Novel Henipavirus Isolated from Australian Bats

Glenn A. Marsh1#, Carol de Jong2#, Jennifer A. Barr1, Mary Tachedjian1, Craig Smith2, Deborah Middleton1, Meng Yu1, Shawn Todd1, Adam J. Foord1, Volker Haring1, Jean Payne1, Rachel Robinson1, Ivano Broz1, Gary Crameri1, Hume E. Field2*, Lin-Fa Wang

The genus Henipavirus in the family Paramyxoviridae contains two viruses, Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus (NiV) for which pteropid bats act as the main natural reservoir. Each virus also causes serious and commonly lethal infection of people as well as various species of domestic animals, however little is known about the associated mechanisms of pathogenesis. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of a new paramyxovirus from pteropid bats, Cedar virus (CedPV), which shares significant features with the known henipaviruses. The genome size (18,162 nt) and organization of CedPV is very similar to that of HeV and NiV; its nucleocapsid protein displays antigenic cross-reactivity with henipaviruses; and it uses the same receptor molecule (ephrin- B2) for entry during infection. Preliminary challenge studies with CedPV in ferrets and guinea pigs, both susceptible to infection and disease with known henipaviruses, confirmed virus replication and production of neutralizing antibodies although clinical disease was not observed. In this context, it is interesting to note that the major genetic difference between CedPV and HeV or NiV lies within the coding strategy of the P gene, which is known to play an important role in evading the host innate immune system. Unlike HeV, NiV, and almost all known paramyxoviruses, the CedPV P gene lacks both RNA editing and also the coding capacity for the highly conserved V protein. Preliminary study indicated that CedPV infection of human cells induces a more robust IFN-β response than HeV.

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