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Plant Sci:陈虹颖等茶种子干燥脱水及低温保藏研究获进展

  1. Plant Sci
  2. 低温保藏
  3. 干燥脱水
  4. 茶种子
  5. 陈虹颖

来源:昆明植物研究所 2012-05-10 14:26

近日,国际著名杂志Plant Science在线刊登了中科院昆明植物研究所研究人员的最新研究成果“Post desiccation germination of mature seeds of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) can be enhanced by pro-oxidant treatment, but partial desiccation tolerance

近日,国际著名杂志Plant Science在线刊登了中科院昆明植物研究所研究人员的最新研究成果“Post desiccation germination of mature seeds of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) can be enhanced by pro-oxidant treatment, but partial desiccation tolerance does not ensure survival at -20°C.,”,文章中,研究者揭示了在茶种子干燥脱水及低温保藏研究中取得的进展。

茶(Camellia sinensis L.)是全世界最广泛的消耗饮料之一,如何有效地保藏其基因资源显得尤为重要。由于茶种子不属于正常型(脱水耐受型)种子,因此不能使用种子库的常规方法技术进行保存,对茶种子的保藏技术一直是种子生物学领域的研究热点。成功保藏茶种子,其耐受脱水能力是关键,而在过去的报道中不同采集地的茶种子耐受能力却千差万别。然而,究竟是什么原因造成了这种差异,至今仍是个谜。

中国科学院昆明植物研究所种质资源库陈虹颖博士在2007至2010年间,与英国皇家植物园邱园千年种子库的专家合作,对分布于昆明、临沧和普洱三个采集地的茶种子进行了脱水干燥及低温保藏比较研究,结果发现:采自三个不同地点的茶种子呈现出不同的脱水耐受能力。昆明的茶种子耐受能力最强,可以脱水至8%的含水量,其次是采自普洱和临沧的茶种子。这种差异与采集地的生境和种内变异均有关系。经0.5M和1M过氧化氢(H2O2)处理后,可以提高干燥处理后种子的萌发率。

以上种子脱水实验和三个采集地的生境(如种子成熟后旱季所持续的月份)以及种皮和种子重量的比较研究结果表明,这三个采集地的茶种子均不属于顽拗型(脱水敏感型)种子。虽然昆明所采集的茶种子比较耐脱水,但在-20度的低温保藏1个月后,种子均完全死亡,其原因还需要进一步研究。

该研究首次对不同采集地不同变种的茶种子进行了比较研究,并对茶种子脱水耐受的差异进行了分析比较。(生物谷Bioon.com)

Post desiccation germination of mature seeds of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) can be enhanced by pro-oxidant treatment, but partial desiccation tolerance does not ensure survival at -20°C.

Hongying Chena, b, c, Hugh W. Pritcharda, b, Charlotte E. Sealb, Jayanthi Nadarajanb, Weiqi Lia, Shixiong Yanga, Ilse Krannerb, ,

The maximal potential desiccation tolerance (MPDT) of tea (Camellia sinensis) seeds has been a matter of debate for decades. Here we assessed the ability of tea seeds from three sites in China to germinate after desiccation. Desiccation tolerance was greatest in Kunming, followed by Puer and Lincang, with Kunming seeds tolerating drying to 8% moisture content (MC), or ∼0.5 water activity (aw). Such tolerance was observed in Lincang seeds only when hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at 0.5 or 1 M was applied to seeds, indicating a stimulatory role for H2O2 in post-desiccation germination. Puer seeds exhibited MPDT of 16% MC (∼0.7 aw). Therefore, seeds from all three sites were not recalcitrant. The length of the dry season after dispersal and the high ratio of seed coat to seed mass (>0.3) support the observation of non-recalcitrant behaviour. The seeds were not immature, as the lipid signal in embryonic axes mirrored that of the cotyledons (30% oil). Even after high survival [>60% total germination (TG)] on drying to 10–13% MC, no Kunming seeds tolerated 1 month storage at −20 °C coinciding with lipid transitional changes at this temperature. The results indicate that tea seeds from China are neither recalcitrant nor storable at −20 °C.

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