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Plant Cell:祝宽等水稻减数分裂起始机制研究获进展

  1. Plant Cell
  2. 减数分裂
  3. 机制
  4. 水稻

来源:中国科学院 2012-02-10 11:59

近日,国际著名杂志Plant Cell在线刊登了中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所研究人员的最新研究成果“Somatic and Reproductive Cell Development in Rice Anther Is Regulated by a Putative Glutaredoxin,”,文章中,作者在水稻减数分裂起始机制研究中取得重要进展。 有性生殖是自然界中最重要的生殖方式。

近日,国际著名杂志Plant Cell在线刊登了中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所研究人员的最新研究成果“Somatic and Reproductive Cell Development in Rice Anther Is Regulated by a Putative Glutaredoxin,”,文章中,作者在水稻减数分裂起始机制研究中取得重要进展。

有性生殖是自然界中最重要的生殖方式。生物体由无性生殖转变成有性生殖的重要标志是经过减数分裂产生生殖细胞。为保证有性生殖的正常进行,需要在特点时间和特定组织将细胞分裂周期从有丝分裂转变成减数分裂。减数分裂起始是一个复杂的信号传递过程,在酵母及哺乳动物中有着不同的减数分裂起始机制,而在植物上如何实现由有丝分裂向减数分裂转变的机制尚不清楚。

中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所基因组生物学研究中心程祝宽课题组以水稻为对象,着重研究植物减数分裂过程调控的分子机制。研究发现,植物雄性生殖细胞的形成拥有其独特的减数分裂起始机制,花粉母细胞的正常发生受CC类谷氧还蛋白MIL1调控,MIL1突变导致花粉母细胞不能正常形成,从而不能进入减数分裂,对应细胞继续进行有丝分裂。该突变还影响内层花药壁细胞的分化,但不影响大孢子母细胞的形成与减数分裂进行。

程祝宽实验室洪丽兰、唐丁和朱克明为该文章的共同第一作者。该研究得到科技部及国家自然科学基金项目的资助。

(生物谷Bioon.com)

Somatic and Reproductive Cell Development in Rice Anther Is Regulated by a Putative Glutaredoxin

Lilan Hong1, Ding Tang1, Keming Zhu1, Kejian Wang, Ming Li and Zhukuan Cheng2

The switch from mitosis to meiosis is one of the most pivotal events in eukaryotes undergoing sexual reproduction. However, the mechanisms orchestrating meiosis initiation remain elusive, particularly in plants. Flowering plants are heterosporous, with male and female spore genesis adopting different developmental courses. We show here that plant pollen mother cells contain a specific meiosis initiation machinery through characterization of a rice (Oryza sativa) gene, MICROSPORELESS1 (MIL1). The mil1 mutant does not produce microspores in anthers but has the normal female fertility. Detailed molecular and cytological investigations demonstrate that mil1 anthers are defective in the meiotic entry of sporogenous cell progenies and in the differentiation of surrounding somatic cell layers, resulting in locules filled with somatic cells instead of microspores. Furthermore, analysis of mil1 msp1 double mutants reveals that due to the absence of MIL1, the cells in their anther locule center do not activate meiotic cell cycle either, generating a similar anther phenotype to mil1. MIL1 encodes a plant-specific CC-type glutaredoxin, which could interact with TGA transcription factors. These results suggest meiotic entry in microsporocytes is directed by an anther-specific mechanism, which requires MIL1 activity, and redox regulation might play important roles in this process.

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